Symptoms and Solutions with Transformer Iron Core

During the operation of distribution transformers, various faults may occur with the iron core. The main causes and solutions include the following:

1. Loose Core

  - Symptoms: The core produces abnormal noise or vibrations, increased noise levels, and possibly local overheating.

  - Solutio: Open the transformer, tighten the clamping device of the core to ensure a snug fit. If the damage is severe, the core clamping structure may need replacement.

2. Poor Core Grounding

  - Symptoms: Leakage current appears, grounding resistance increases, core temperature rises, potentially causing core damage.

  - Solution: Inspect the core grounding device to ensure proper grounding. If necessary, re-establish the grounding connection to ensure the grounding resistance is within the specified range.

3. Aging or Damaged Core Insulation

  - Symptoms: Decreased insulation resistance, short-circuit currents between core laminations, and overheating during transformer operation.

  - Solution: Perform insulation tests on the core to confirm the insulation condition. If the insulation is damaged, reapply insulation treatment or replace the insulation material.

4. Deformed Core

  - Symptoms: Physical deformation of the core, affecting magnetic flux distribution, leading to local overheating or increased transformer noise.

  - Solution: For minor deformations, adjust and repair the core. For severe deformations, core replacement is necessary.

5. Short Circuit Between Core Laminations

  - Symptoms: Abnormal heating of the transformer, core temperature significantly higher than normal, potentially leading to core overheating and damage.

  - Solution: Disassemble the transformer, inspect the insulation between the core laminations, remove the short-circuited areas, and if necessary, reassemble or replace the core laminations.

6. Increased Core Hysteresis Loss

  - Symptoms: Increased no-load losses, reduced operational efficiency, and higher temperatures.

  - Solution: Check the core material and condition. If aging or deterioration of the material is found, consider replacing the core material.

When addressing these issues, it is essential to follow the manufacturer's operating specifications and ensure that power is disconnected and safety measures are in place to prevent personal injury and further equipment damage.