The latest development trend and present situation of power transformer
Power transformer is one of the important equipment in the system of transmission, transmission, transformer and distribution, its performance and quality
Quantity is directly related to the reliability and efficiency of power system operation.
One, power transformer varieties
(a) distribution transformer Small and medium-sized distribution transformer in Our country is originally insulated oil as insulation medium
Developed qualitatively; Enter 20 century 90′s, dry type transformer in our country had very fast hair
Exhibition.
(1) Oil immersed distribution transformer S9 series distribution transformer, S11 series distribution transformer,
Coil core distribution transformer, amorphous alloy core transformer. In order to complete the operation of the transformer
Complete, reliable, maintenance more simple, more widely to meet the needs of users, in recent years oil immersion type change
The sealing structure of the compressor makes the transformer oil completely isolated from the surrounding air, thus improving the transformer
Pressure reliability. At present, the main sealing forms are air sealing, nitrogen sealing and full filling
Oil seal type. The market share of fully oil-filled sealed transformers is increasing, and it is in insulation
The change of oil volume is compensated by elastic deformation of corrugated tank wall or expansion radiator.
(2) Dry transformer dry transformer because of its simple structure, convenient maintenance, and prevention
Fire, flammability and other characteristics, China from the end of the 1950s has begun to produce, but in the past 10 years
Start mass production. There are many types of dry transformers, mainly impregnated and insulated dry transformers
Epoxy resin insulation dry type transformer two types.
(2) box-type transformer Box-type transformer has less occupation, can extend into the load center, reduce
Line loss, improve the quality of power supply, flexible location, beautiful appearance and other features, currently in the city
A large number of applications in 10Kv and 35kV power grids. At present, the box transformer used in our country is mainly European
Type box transformer and American box transformer, the former transformer as a separate component, that is, the high voltage electric department
Division, distribution transformer, low-voltage distribution part of the trinity. The latter structure is divided into two parts,
The front part is divided into wiring cabinet, the back part is divided into transformer oil tank, winding, iron core, high voltage load switch,
Insert fuse, backup current limiting fuse and other components are placed in the tank body. There are some
The manufacturer has moved the coil core transformer to the box transformer, so that the box transformer volume and quality
The high efficiency, energy saving and low noise level are achieved.
(3) High voltage and ultra-high voltage power transformers At present, China has a 110kV,
220kV, 330kV and 500kV high voltage, ultra high voltage transformer production capacity. Ultra high voltage transformer
Insulation medium is still mainly insulated oil, according to the needs of the development of power grid, transformer production technology is positive
It’s improving. SF6 gas insulated high voltage and ultra high voltage transformers are being researched and developed.
Two, manufacturing level generally speaking, China’s power transformer technology in the international 1990s
The initial level, a small amount of the world in the late 1990s level, and foreign advanced countries
Than, there is still a certain gap.
1, iron core materials in the 1970s, Wuhan Iron and Steel Company in the introduction of digestion and absorption of Japanese cold
Rolling silicon steel sheet manufacturing technology based on the production of cold rolled silicon steel sheet, in the 1990s and introduced
Japanese high permeability grain to cold rolled silicon steel sheet (HI-B) manufacturing technology, produced more energy saving effect
Good power transformer core material. But because the product quantity cannot meet the demand and the production process
Two aspects of the problem, still from Japan, Russia and Western Europe and other countries to import part of cold rolled silicon steel
Slice. In the development of amorphous alloy materials for distribution transformer core, China in the 1990s
At the beginning, the former Ministry of Machinery, the former ministry of metallurgy, the former Ministry of electricity, the state planning Commission, the state Economic and trade Commission, the former state
The science committee formed a special working group on amorphous alloy core materials and amorphous alloy core transformers
The design and manufacturing process of the amorphous alloy core material have been studied deeply
According to the requirements of the original plan, it was trial-produced in 1994 with a voltage of 10kV and a capacity of 160 ~ 500kVA
The distribution transformer has been tested by power users and basically meets the requirements of practical application.
However, the manufacturing process of amorphous alloy materials still needs to be further improved to achieve mass production
O. In 1998, Shanghai Trust company introduced the manufacturing technology of American GE company, using American amorphous
The amorphous alloy core transformer has been produced from the alloy material. At present, it can produce voltage of 10kV and capacity of 50
~ 2500kVA, no load loss between 34 ~ 700W, load loss between 870 ~ 21500W
Crystal alloy core transformers, and this material has been applied to epoxy resin dry transformers,
It further promotes the improvement of manufacturing level of amorphous alloy core transformer in China. We have some
Transformer manufacturers use the introduction of amorphous alloy material core manufactured products into the power grid operation
2, tooling equipment before the 1980s, the technical level of special transformer equipment in China, the whole
The body is relatively low, in addition to the winding equipment has a professional factory production, the rest of the vast majority are
The relatively simple equipment made by enterprises, only a few of them have simple slitting line for processing iron core.
In the 1980s, the transformer industry began to introduce foreign advanced special key equipment, such as iron
Heart longitudinal cutting line, low frequency electric heating system, etc. By the 1990s, due to the large dry type transformer
Force promotion, the introduction of a batch of epoxy pouring equipment and foil winding machine, several large production plants also cited
Into the insulation parts processing center, the transformer production equipment level greatly improved. domestic
Some special equipment manufacturers after digestion and absorption, also developed vertical and horizontal production lines and other special equipment
These domestic special equipment, its function and main technical parameters basically reach or close to the international water
Ping, to ensure our transformer product quantity, improve the technical performance of transformer, improve production efficiency
Played a crucial role
3. Transformer process design for nearly 20 years, for oil immersed transformer of 110kV and below voltage grade
A lot of optimization design has been carried out, has gradually replaced 64, 73, 79, 86 and other standards, currently implemented
The 99 standard in the late 1990s formed a new series of energy-saving transformers, making various
Losses are further reduced, replacing the production of high energy consumption products. In 1998 the country further Ming
Indeed, the 64 series and 73 series old transformers operating in the grid must be eliminated and updated, according to 1979
The S7 type transformer produced in the year standard must also be stopped. Urban and rural power grid construction from 1998 to 2001
The S9 distribution transformer, which is vigorously promoted in the renovation, conforms to the 1999 national standard. In 2000 to open
At the beginning, the coil core transformer was also used in the construction and transformation of the two networks.
In the dry type transformer, on the basis of independent development, the introduction of Germany, Switzerland, Italy
The design and manufacture of 10kV, 35kV dry type transformer series for many companies in Portugal and other countries
And has long been mass production of 10kV, 35kV dry type transformer, can produce the most
High voltage grade of 110kV, single-phase capacity of 10,500 kVA dry transformer, product quality has been
Reach the technical level of the imported foreign similar products.
In the high-pressure, ultra-high-pressure design, in addition to the development of science and technology, independent development, in advance
Since the 1980s, it has also introduced Hitachi, Toshiba, ABB, Mitsubishi, Siemens, etc
The company’s manufacturing technology. Currently in uHV 500kV transformer manufacturing, from the initial majority
Dependent on imports, the development of products can now be quite competitive with imported products. As the three
The construction of the gorge project requires the introduction of Siemens transformer manufacturing technology at the Three Gorges Hydropower station
Left bank application of 84kVA three-phase transformer manufacturing, China has with foreign cooperation, each bear 30%
Around the share of manufacturing; For Siemens design, the key parts of manufacturing technology has been able to complete
Master, the three Gorges right bank used in the manufacture of transformers, the application of Siemens technology, requirements to do by the domestic
It creates conditions for participating in bidding.
All these show that, after the reform and opening up, in the power transformer science and technology, technology
Positive results have been achieved in advance, digestion and absorption, and scientific and technological innovation. To master various types
Transformer manufacturing technology, improve product performance, improve product quality, shorten product development week
Period, expand product output, increase product varieties have played a positive role.
Manufacturing enterprises through years of capital construction and technical transformation, so that the power transformer industry has a large
Change, China’s transformer manufacturing industry will gradually close to the world’s advanced level. 4, with the production capacity
With the development of power industry, domestic power transformer manufacturers have carried out construction and transformation according to the demand.
According to incomplete statistics, the national power transformer manufacturers have about 2000, according to the “eight five” end
According to the statistics of 900 large-scale manufacturers, the capacity of transformers produced annually is about 150 million kVA;
In 2000, it produced more than 300,000 transformers with a capacity of about 180 million kVA (including 10kV and 35kV)
Voltage level accounts for more than 90% of the total number of units), equivalent to more than 1/5 of the world’s total production. Can say,
China is the world’s power transformer production, but also the application of power transformer. countries
There are 7 manufacturers with production capacity of 500kV, among which 5 can produce in batches with annual production capacity
The capacity has exceeded 30 million kVA, and the annual production capacity in the last two years is about 20 million kVA, accounting for total production
About 11%; Can produce 220kV class manufacturers have about 25, the last two years about annual production
30 million kVA, nearly 18% of the total capacity; There are about 100 manufacturers that can produce 110kV level, the most
Nearly two years of annual production of about 1000 units, 30 million kVA capacity, also accounting for nearly 18% of the total capacity, its
In the annual output of more than 100 sets of manufacturers have Xinjiang TBEa electrician, balance transformer, transformer, transformer, huapeng, etc. 5
Home; There are about 100 manufacturers of dry distribution transformers with a production capacity of more than 100kVA
Manufacturers have Shunde, Jinxiang, Xu Ji, Huapeng and other 4。
According to 2000 statistics, the national production of dry transformer 16 million kVA accounted for the total output of power transformers
Nearly 9% (the national production capacity is 30 million kVA); Production of SF6 dielectric transformer factory
Home has 3, mainly is the production of 10kV voltage grade products, and the output is very small, higher voltage, etc
Level one is under development. To meet the requirements of the city network and residential areas, there are also some manufacturers open buried transformers
Beginning of production. There are many manufacturers of box transformers. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 600 manufacturers.
The annual production is about 7000 sets, among which there are about 20 companies with annual production of more than 200 sets
In recent years, the development goal of electronic transformer technology is light and high
Efficiency, high density, chip products will be further developed. Due to household appliances and electronics
With the continuous development of equipment, the demand for low voltage electronic transformers is increasing, therefore, high clarity
The return sweep transformer used in television and high frequency display has become the main field of attention of manufacturers, among which
There will be a large increase in the demand for loopless sweep transformers; High frequency, low loss, small size, low
The price of power transformers will also occupy a large market; High – voltage power transformer market prospects drum dance。
At present, the market size of the world electronic transformer basically maintains at 6 billion ~ 7 billion US dollars left
Right, accounting for about 7.5% of the world’s total electronic components market. Among them Japan’s production and consumption respectively
Accounting for about 43 percent and 40 percent of the world market, with the United States accounting for about 17 percent and 22 percent of production and consumption, respectively.
The share of production and consumption in other Asian countries and regions rose sharply, to 13% and 8% respectively。
Since China’s accession to THE WTO, the domestic electronic transformer market competition is basically in a stable state,
Did not suffer a large impact, this is because the electronic transformer products are labor intensive and to the user
Require custom production based products. The variety specification is many, the production batch is many, the quantity is large, therefore unwell
Suitable automation, large-scale production. With the increasingly fierce market competition, in order to reduce the cost,
Production is shifting to lower-cost areas.
At present, China’s electronic transformer production presents the following characteristics:
– Medium frequency transformer production is large, the price is low, and export is the main, export drives its fast
Development. At present, the industry average price of intermediate frequency transformer in enterprises in China’s electronic system is 0.626 yuan /
, but the average ex-factory price of most enterprises is between 0.20 ~ 0.30 yuan/one, the highest is 1 yuan/one
The left and right sides.
Since the product is mainly exported, its price is determined entirely by the international market.
With the increasing popularity of digital audio electronic products and the wider use of integrated circuits, the new
Type color TV has no longer used audio transformer, audio transformer market share is declining.
– The market demand for power transformers is booming. Power transformers are labor intensive products, and
In recent years, the domestic and foreign market demand is booming, and it has become a rapid development
Hot product. According to statistics, the production of power transformers in Taiwan Province is expected to increase by 50% in recent years.
Hong Kong will grow by 20 per cent and India by 25 per cent. Communications, computers, consumer electronics
Product is its three main market, among which the growth of communication demand will play a big role in promoting, now all
Annual demand for ball power transformers has exceeded $10 billion and is oriented toward surface mounted, high power and high voltage sides
The surface development.
6 x 6.6 x 3.5mm for Japanese LCDS and LCDS, and for game consoles and tuners
2.6 ×5×277mm series surface mounted power transformers, production is still to low labor cost areas
Moved, brought good opportunity to domestic production development. – Overproduction of back-sweep transformers. Orders,
The decline in global demand for colour television receivers has seriously affected Asian back-sweep transformer production
The amount. China Taiwan sweep back transformer now about 6 manufacturers, and the vast majority of the production base
To the mainland of the motherland.
As the back-sweep transformer is a labor-intensive product, it is difficult to produce it in Taiwan
In addition, LCD monitors do not use back-sweep transformers, and their development is ahead of CRT monitors,
As a result, Chinese companies began to produce converters for LCD monitors. Taiwan back sweep transformer products
Focuses on two aspects:
One is to develop a small back-sweep transformer for short neck CRT.
Second, to enhance quality awareness, most manufacturers will have to obtain UL, CSA, VDE, CE,
Certification such as EMI and TCO is a major goal for improving product quality.
Currently, Japan has a surplus supply of back-sweep transformers, mainly due to Japan
The company’s Chinese factories are oversupplied. With a large amount of investment into the Chinese mainland of the sweep back transformer enterprises
Industry, the oversupply situation will continue, it is expected that this situation will continue for a period. Due to the
The price of sweeping transformers used in conventional television receivers and PC monitors is falling, and Japanese manufacturers are
Dedicated to value-added products such as back-sweep transformers for projection televisions. To avoid price competition
In contention, most manufacturers have moved to the high-end product market, such as Japanese media electronics companies have shifted focus
High – grade back-sweep transformers for HDTV receivers and high – resolution monitors. Manufacturers to maintain its
International competitiveness, is actively using its technology quality to develop high-grade products. JVC has developed
This paper presents a sweeping transformer which integrates high voltage design technology and control circuit, thus changing the product properties
Yes, and at the same time reduce the production cost. For example, HRCM11 is a pulse broadband modulation system
Double focus type sweep back transformer, it is equipped with high voltage control circuit, its horizontal sweep frequency up to
120 KHZ.
In the PC monitor market, Hitachi has introduced ultra high score for the CAD/CAM field
The sweep back transformer for the resolution monitor, which has a horizontal sweep frequency up to 130kHz, uses a poly
The focal potentiometer performs dynamic focusing modulation. Most companies aim to develop low loss returns
Sweep transformer, for energy saving television receiver use, to replace the traditional sweep transformer
The technology for winding is also under development.
Post time: Aug-06-2021
